Objectives: To identify cardiovascular risk factors in adults with CHD and to provide basic materials for developing media to lower the risk factor levels. Methods: This study conducted a survey of 240 people in total, including 120 adult patients with CHD and 120 patients for control group whose selection was based on age, sex, and body mass index(BMI) from outpatients at medical check-up centers. The survey were conducted regarding fasting blood glucose(FBS), lipid profile, Apoprotein A-1/B, occurrence of carotid stenosis/plaque, and environmental influences(smoking, exercise, and drinking). The group with CHD was classified into four sub-groups: acyanotic and cyanotic patients who had surgery, and acyanotic and cyanotic patients who did not have surgery.
Results: CHD group had 55 % males; its average age was 47.1±10.7 years old; and mean BMI 22.9±4.4kg/m2. Control group had 54 % males; its average age was 47.0±10.3 years old; and mean BMI 22.8±3.1kg/m2.Compared to control group, CHD group had significantly high FBS, HDL, and Apoprotein A-1, but significantly low total cholesterol, LDL, and Apoprotein B(table 1). Regarding difference by sex between the two groups, males of CHD group had lower total cholesterol and LDH than male of control group; females of CHD group had higher FBS and lower total cholesterol than females of control group. However, there was no difference by sex in CHD group. Comparison of acyanotic and cyanotic CHD patients in CHD group showed that acyanotic CHD patients had higher FBS, total cholesterol, and LDH and lower Apoprotein than cyanotic CHD patients. When age and sex were adjusted, cyanotic CHD patients without surgery, cyanotic CHD patients with surgery, acyanotic CHD patients with surgery, and acyanotic CHD patients without surgery in this order had high risk of developing metabolic syndrome(P<.001). BMI(OR=1.23, P=.008) and smoking(OR= 3.08, P=.029) were identified as variables of influencing metabolic syndrome.
Conclusions: There was no difference in cardiovascular risk factors between male and female patients in adults with CHD but acyanotic CHD patients, especially those who did not have surgery had high risk factors and high risk of developing metabolic syndrome. It is believed that regular follow-up of risk factors, BMI control, and education for non-smoking may reduce the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in adult patients with CHD.
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