Introduction. The relationship between the pulmonary vein (PV) anatomical variants and arrhythmogenic foci in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) has not been clarified. We investigated whether PV anatomical variants affect arrhythmogenic foci in pAF. Methods. The consecutive 187 patients underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation of pAF and PV computed tomography were enrolled. The patients were divided into 4 groups: normal 4 PVs (Group I), left common PV (Group II), right middle PV (Group III), and left common PV with right middle PV (Group IV). Right common PV or left middle PV was not observed. Arrhythmogenic foci were assessed at the earliest activation site of immediately recurred AF following intracardiac cardioversion for pacing-induced sustained AF. Results. Arrhythmogenic foci were located as follows: In group I (n=152, 81.2%), left superior PV (LSPV) in 40.8%, right superior PV (RSPV) in 24.8%, left inferior PV (LIPV) in 5.9%, right inferior PV (RIPV) in 4.9%, more than 2 PVs in 14.6%, and non-PV in 9.9%; In group II (n=16, 8.6%), left common PV in 62.5%, RSPV in 31.3%, and non-PV in 6.2%; In group III (n=16, 8.6%), LSPV in 56.3%, RSPV in 6.2%, LIPV in 6.2%, and RIPV in 6.2%; In group IV (n=3, 1.6%), non-PV in 66.7% and LSPV in 33.3%. Left atrial size (38.8짹4.6 mm vs. 39.7짹4.5 mm) and left ventricular ejection fraction (56.4짹5.2% vs. 56.7짹4.8%), Ablation time (98.9짹46.0 min vs 82.9짹48.1 min) and incidence of AF recurrence (7.9% vs 5.7%) during follow up (19.9짹11.2 months) were not different between normal PV group (n=152) and PV variants group (n=53). Conclusions. Left sided PVs had more arrhythmogenic foci than right sided PVs, especially, in left common PV. Ablation time and AF recurrence were not affected by PV variants.