Background: Though there is high risk for simultaneous peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in coronary artery disease patients, PAD is under-diagnosed and under-treated. Few studies have investigated the role of routine screening of Ankle-Brachial index (ABI) in patients with stable angina. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ABI as routine screening test before coronary angiography in the stable angina patients.
Methods: During Jan 2007 and Dec 2008, there were 100 patients (Male:Female = 55:45 ; age: 64.5 ±10.0, mean ABI = 1.02±0.17), who were newly diagnosed as stable angina after coronary angiography and undertaken ABI (VasoGuard®, VIASYS Healthcare, UK) at the hospital admission period. We retrospectively analyzed the variables and divided two groups according to the ABI (group I (n=53, ABI 0.9 – 1.3), group II (n=47, ABI <0.9 or > 1.3)).
Result: There were significant differences between the two groups in body mass index (BMI) (group I: group II = 24.3±2.4:22.0 ± 5.8, p=0.001) and glomerular filtration ratio (GFR) (group I: group II = 71.2 ±23.4: 61.5 ± 26.6, p<0.001) (table). However, there were no significant differences in lipid profiles, high sensitive CRP, coronary artery lesion complexities, target coronary arteries and 1-year major adverse cardiac events including death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization between the two groups. Moreover, ABI was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.201, p=0.045), systolic blood pressure (r=-0.206, p=0.04) and positively correlated with GFR (r=0.271, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.271, p=0.001).
Conclusion: ABI would be clinically indicated in patients who have high probability for multiple site atherosclerotic burden such as lower GFR, thinner, older and hypertensive patients, even in stable angina. Future large prospective multicenter study might be needed for the clarification of these results.
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