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Symptom Clusters and Associated Factors in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
조선대학교 의과대학 간호학과¹ 전남대학교병원 심장센터²
황선영¹, 신은숙, 최명자, 안영근, 정명호²
Background: Symptom is a key component in the patients’ decision to seek care. Chest pain was not the sole symptom rather it is commonly accompanied by other symptoms in patients having acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the clusters of symptoms in Korean patients with AMI have yet to be identified. It is needed to identify clusters of symptoms and its relationship with demographic and clinical factors. Purpose: This study was conducted to identify clusters of symptoms that represented in patients with first-time ST-elevation or Non-ST-elevation AMI. Methods: A total of 384 AMI patients (mean age 64±12.6) were interviewed individually using a structured questionnaire for acute and associated symptoms from March 2008 to June 2009 at C University hospital in G-city, Korea. Data were analyzed using Latent Gold® software version 3.0 to determine class clusters, and then chi-square and t-tests were used using SPSS program to identify the relationship between the cluster membership and variables. Results: Four distinct clusters of symptoms were identified, and age and gender were statistically significant in predicting cluster membership (p<.001). Two clusters (39% and 33%) had a high probability of having chest pain and moderate probabilities of typical associated symptoms; they were younger and had many lifestyle risk factors. Other two clusters (20% and 8%) had a moderate-high probability of having chest pain and moderate probabilities of atypical associated symptoms including gastrointestinal symptoms and weakness; they were older, and male and female dominant respectively. Pre-hospital delay time was significantly related with the cluster membership (p=.010). Conclusion: AMI symptom clusters should be communicated and educated clearly to the public to assist them in assessing their symptoms more efficiently and to guide their treatment healthcare-seeking behavior in a timely manner. In addition, identification of symptom clusters may be especially useful for health care providers in assessing the clinical presentation of persons with atypical symptom.


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