Background: Even though the introduction of drug-eluting stent, diabetes mellitus (DM) is still associated with poor clinical outcomes after coronary intervention. We elucidated the comparative vascular response to stents (paclitaxel-eluting stent: PES, Sirolimus-eluting stent: SES)injury in Type I DM Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Methods and Results: PES or SES (2.75��18 mm and 2.75��18 mm) were inserted at the thoracic aorta in type I DM rat model by novel percutaneous method via carotid artery. Type I DM rat model was created by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). The rats were maintained with high glucose levels (300 mg/dL) in plasma for a 6~8 weeks with insulin treatment. Neointimal formation was similar between the groups (0.12짹0.12 vs. 0.06짹0.05 mm², P=0.06) at 4 weeks after stenting. PES implantation showed more thrombus formation compared with SES implantation at 4 weeks after stenting. The levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and von willebrand factor (vWF) expression were higher at PES than those of SES via an immunohistochemistry stain (p<0.05 in each) at 4 weeks after stenting. Conclusion: Novel thoracic aorta stent model using PES and SES in type I DM rats provided insights into vascular response in high plasma glucose condition. PES and SES implantation had a similar neointimal formation, but some different vascular response. Our results can provide informations to select stent type in patients with DM.