Purpose: The various statin might contribute to a change in arterial stiffness independent of the cholesterol-lowering effects of statin therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term effect between co-administration of simvastatin and ezetimibe (vytorin) and atorvastatin (lipitor) on pulse wave velocity (PWV). Methods: We enrolled 49 patients with hypercholesterolemia (Total cholesterol > 200 mg/dL). The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to statin (vytorin 10/20mg: 23 patients, lipitor 20mg: 26 patients). We measured the carotid-radial PWV(crPWV) as peripheral PWV, carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) as central PWV, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol at baseline and four weeks after treatment with the statin. Results: The total cholesterol and LDL levels in both groups were significantly decreased four weeks later, and HDL level was significantly increased in both groups, but not TG level in vytorin group. In addition, the change of LDL cholesterol in vytorin group was significantly higher than it in lipitor (52.4% vs 44.1% respectively p<0.05). The central PWV(cfPWV) and peripheral PWV(cfPWV) in lipitor group was significantly decreased compared with those in vytorin group. Conclusions: Although co-administration of simvastatin and ezetimibe might show much more lipid lowering effect compared with atorvastatin, only atorvastatin might show pleiotrophic effect for short-term treatment in hypercholesterolemia.