Purpose: The lack of nocturnal fall in blood pressure (BP) determines a more serious target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension (EH). Also, morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) seems to be a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Arterial stiffness is associated with organ damage in patients with primary hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and MBPS in non-dippers with EH. Methods: We enrolled 43 patients (mean age 46.1짹15.1 yrs, male 18 (41.9 %)), who was recently diagnosed as EH. After 24 hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), Non-dipper was defined as a fall < 10% in nocturnal BP. MBPS was defined as the difference between the average of systolic BPs during the 2h after awakening and 1h that included the lowest sleep BP. We compared MBPS, carotid-femoral and carotid-radial PWV(cf/crPWV), left ventricular mass index and left atrial volume (LAV). Results: The mean 24hr average systolic BP for day time and MBPS were 143.2짹12.8 and 16.06짹5.08 mmHg, respectively. The mean cfPWV and crPWV were 8.73짹1.32 and 7.91짹1.38 m/sec, respectively. MBPS was positively correlated to crPWV (r=0.421, p=0.005), cfPWV (r=0.394, p=0.009) and LAV (r=0.428, p=0.015). Conclusions: Morning BP rise might be associated with the decrease of the arterial elasticity and target organ damage in patients with nondipper hypertension. However, further larger study might be needed.