Background: It has been suggested that the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk for heart failure (HF). However, the association between MetS and HF has been less studied. We aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS and test whether MetS is associated with the markers of inflammation in HF, which can be a possible link between MetS and HF. Methods: Ninety-one eligible consecutive HF patients participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were performed, and fasting blood samples were taken for biomarker assessment. Serum concentrations of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins (apoB, apoAI) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1棺 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 were measured using ELISA method. Results: Thirty-eight subjects (41% of total, 43% of males and 38% of females) were classified as having the MetS in total HF patients. Age, gender distribution and baseline characteristics including smoking, alcohol consumption and drug use were not different between the two groups (with MetS vs without MetS). Serum concentrations of apoB (83.8짹4.2 vs 69.4짹2.6 mg/dL, p<0.005) were significantly higher in the HF patients with MetS than those without MetS, although the concentrations of LDL cholesterol were similar. The results showed that serum concentrations of hsCRP (4.6짹1.5 vs 2.2짹0.8 mg/L, p<0.005) and IL-8 (1.8짹0.2 vs 1.5짹0.3 pg/mL, p<0.05) were significantly higher in HF patients with MetS than those without MetS. Conclusion : Our results show that the prevalence of the MetS was 41% of total HF patients and the presence of the MetS in HF is associated with increased degree of inflammation, which provides information regarding the relationships among MetS, inflammation and HF.