Background and objectives : Although it is considered that pre-interventional arterial remodeling play an important part in post-angioplastic restenosis after bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation, the effect on drug-eluting stent (DES) is controversial. So we compared the effect of pre-interventional arterial remodeling (positive or intermediate remodeling: PR/IR, negative remodeling: NR) on in-stent neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) after implantation of two DESs. Subjects and Methods : The study population consisted of 98 patients with de novo lesion treated with two DESs (silorimus-eluting stent, SES, n=50; paclitaxel-eluting stent, PES, n=48) and evaluated by intravascular ultrasound pre-, post-procedure and at 9 month follow-up. Results : The remodeling index (RI), the external elastic membrane (EEM) cross-sectional area (CSA), plaque plus media CSA, plaque burden at pre-intervention were higher in the PR/IR group than NR group in both DES groups. In the PES group, NIH volume (29.4짹21.9 vs 7.1짹12.5 mm³, p=0.005) at follow-up was higher in the PR/IR group rather than NR group. But this difference was not noted in the SES group (3.9짹6.5 vs 3.4짹8.1 mm³, p=0.816). And a significant positive correlation was found between pre-interventional RI and follow-up NIH volume (r=0.616, p=0.000) in the PES group. But this correlation was not also noted in the SES group (r=-0.025, p=0.894). Conclusion : As with the BMS, pre-interventional arterial remodeling also influenced the development of NIH and pre-interventional RI correlated with follow-up in-stent NIH in the PES group. But these findings were not noted in the SES group.