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Right Ventricular Remodeling Determining Tricuspid Valve Geometry and the Severity of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography Study
울산의대 서울아산병원
송종민, 장민경, 김윤정, 강덕현, 송재관
Background: The remodeling of right ventricle (RV) determining tricuspid valve (TV) geometry and the severity of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has not been clearly demonstrated. Methods: In 40 patients with various degrees of functional TR and in sinus rhythm, RV and TV geometries were analyzed using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography, including tenting angles of anterior (Aα), posterior (Pα) and septal (Sα) leaflets, septal-lateral and antero-posterior tricuspid annulus diameters, inlet septal-lateral and antero-posterior RV dimensions in 1 cm apart from annulus planes, mid-RV septal-lateral dimension, and the distance between annulus and apex. A mid-systole frame when the TV tenting is smallest was selected for the analysis. Results: By multiple stepwise linear regression analyses, Aα(r=0.64, p<0.001) and Sα(r=0.69, p<0.001) were mainly determined by mid-RV septal-lateral dimension, while Pα (r=0.45, p<0.005) was by the distance between annulus and apex. Septal-lateral (r=0.74, p<0.001) and antero-posterior annulus diameters (r=0.71, p<0.001) were mainly determined by inlet septal-lateral and antero-posterior RV dimensions, respectively. TR distal jet area correlated significantly with Aα (r=0.65, p<0.001), Pα (r=0.48, p<0.005), Sα (r=0.64, p<0.001), septal-lateral (r=0.72, p<0.001) and antero-posterior (r=0.43, p<0.01) tricuspid annulus diameters, inlet septal-lateral (r=0.61, p<0.001) and antero-posterior (r=0.38, p<0.05) RV dimensions, mid-RV septal-lateral dimension (r=0.60, p<0.001), and the distance between annulus and apex (r=0.51, p<0.005). TR vena contracta width showed similar results. TR distal jet area was mainly determined by septal-lateral annulus diameter and Aα by multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. TR vena contracta width was determined by septal-lateral annulus diameter, inlet septal-lateral RV dimension and Aα. Conclusions: TV leaflet tenting is determined by mid-RV septal-lateral dilation and annulus-apex elongation. Tricuspid annulus dilation is closely linked with inlet RV dilation. Functional TR severity seems to be determined by septal-lateral annulus and RV dilation rather than antero-posterior dilation.


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