Background and Objectives竊�Microvascular angina are characterized by the presence of chest pain, ST segment depression, and a positive ECG exercise test, but normal coronary angiogram. Many physicians assumed that the microvascular dysfunction such as atherosclerosis or spasm may play a critical role. It is well known that TIMI frame count (TFC) is a simple and reproducible parameter reflecting the microvascular dysfunction, so we calculated TFC in microvascular angina and control group. For the evaluation of degree of atherosclerosis, we also checked pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in both groups. Subjects and Methods竊�We included 50 patients who underwent coronary angiopgraphy due to the complaints of chest pain. Twenty five patients were proven as a microvascular angina. Control group consisted of 25 patients of non-cardiac chest pain with similar risk profiles. TFC was examined in left and right coronary arteries by two separated cardiologist. PWV was calculated from measurements of the pulse transit time between femoral and carotid external arteries. Carotid IMT was measured by recording ultrasonographic images of both the left and the right common carotid artery. Results: The mean age of microvascular angina group was 59.3짹10.2 year-olds, and it was not different in that of control group (59.7짹10.7 year-olds). There was a trend that female patients was more common in microvascular angina group (15/25 patients), but it was not statistically significant. PWV could not show any difference between both groups (14.0짹2.3m/s in microvascular angina group, 14.3짹2.6m/s in control group, p>0.05). Carotid IMT also was not different (0.09짹0.2mm in microvascular angina group, 0.10짹0.03mm in control group, p>0.05). However, TFC in microvascular angina group (21.9짹7.0) was significantly higher than that of control group (14.6짹4.5, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study lets us know that TFC is significantly increased in microvascular angina and it means that coronary microvasucular dysfunction could be a main cause of microvasular angina. The role of atherosclerosis in microvascular angina may be considered to be different in the patients of epicardial ischemic heart disease.