Background: Morbidity and mortality after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been reported to be higher in women than men. This study sought to determine whether sex influenced short-term clinical outcomes in a cohort of AMI patients underwent primary coronary intervention. Methods and Results: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing primary coronary intervention for an AMI, who were admitted at coronary care unit (CCU) of Chonnam National University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2005. A total of 744 patients, 200 women and 544 men, were analyzed. Mean age was higher in women than that of men [60.1짹12.2 years in men and 70.5짹8.5 years in women (p<0.05)]. Women had a higher prevalence of hypertension (56.0% vs. 39.7%, p<0.05) and diabetes (37.0% vs. 26.1%) than men. Men had higher prevalence of smoking than women (48.3% vs. 6.5%, p<0.05). Patients with higher Killip class above III were more common in women than in men (20.0% vs. 11.9%, p<0.05). However, in-hospital mortality rate was 4.0 % in women and in men respectively. Conclusions: Even though women had more risk factors than men, women had a similar CCU mortality with men.