Background and Objectives: Arterial stiffness is an important factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. arterial stiffness is an important factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the effect of short duration exercise with maximal treadmill test on arterial stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease. Subjects and Methods: Thirty four patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (CAD group) and forty seven patients without a history of cardiovascular disease (Control group) referred for treadmill test for clinical reasons were enrolled prospectively. By using an oscillometric method (form-PWV/ABI, Colin, Komaki, Japan), blood pressure, heart rate, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) at baseline and 10 min after the cessation of maximal treadmill test were measured and compared between the two groups, and between pre and post exercise results within the group. Results: The baPWV were reduced significantly at 10min after exercise compared with baseline levels in the CAD group (from 1449.0 짹 231.3 to 1321.7 짹 228.2 ���/sec, P < 0.001), as well as in the control group (from 1424.9 짹 262.7 to 1355.9 짹 262.2 ���/sec, P < 0.001). No differences were found in the effect of short duration exercise between the two groups. Within the CAD group, a reduction of baPWV following exercise is independently associated with the amount of SBP change after exercise (P = 0.015), and lower HDL-cholesterol level (P = 0.017) in multiple linear regression Conclusion: In the present study, a significant reduction of baPWV was observed following symptom limited exercise. It suggests that short duration exercise is effective for improving the arterial stiffness, especially in patients with higher risk factors.