Postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis(PVS) after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection(TAPVC) is a potentially fatal complication. We assessed our experience with regards to good exposure, proper alignment, and creation of sufficient stoma size as these factors may reduce the incidence of this complication. From Jan. 1995 to Feb. 2005, 103 patients with TAPVC were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with functional single ventricle were placed in group I (n=29) and with two ventricle group II(n=74). Median age at operation was 107 days (range, 5days to 12years) in group I and 28.5days(range, 0 day to 478days) in group II(p=0.121). Median body weight at operation was 4.8kg (range, 2.7 kg to 29.5 kg) in group I and 3.4kg (range, 1.4 kg to 9 kg) in group II (p=0.126). PVS was defined as flow acceleration ��� 2m/sec by Doppler echocardiography. Early mortality was 17.2%(5/29) in group I and 4.1%(3/74) in group II(p=0.038) with 4 PVS related deaths (3 in group I vs 1 in group II). The incidence of postoperative PVS was 10.3%(3/29) in group I and 2.7% (2/74) in group II(p=0.134). As one patient with postoperative PVS in group I had intrinsic pulmonary vein stenosis preoperatively, the actual post-repair PVS was 2 in each group. Cumulative survival rate at 1 month and 5 years was 82.8% and 55.0% in group I, 95.9% and 94.5% in group II, respectively (p<0.001). Our technique resulted in a low postoperative PVS rate with further potential for reduction in the single ventricle group except for those patients with preexisting PVS.