Background: Statins are effective lipid lowering and anti-inflammatory agents. Several clinical studies have shown that pre-procedural CRP is a strong prognostic factor of mortality and subsequent cardiac events including clinical restenosis. However, few studies performed to date have used intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to examine the effects of statin therapy on the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) in patients with high inflammatory state. Methods: This study included 80 patients with elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP > 0.5 mg/dL) who underwent stent implantation. Patients were divided into two groups; statin group, n=44, 54.7짹10.7 years, male 80%, vs. non-statin group, n=36, 57.5짹11.2 years, male 78%. 6-month follow-up quantitative coronary angiography and IVUS data were analyzed. Results: The baseline hs-CRP level was 1.29짹0.38 mg/dL in the statin group and 1.30짹0.31 mg/dL in the non-statin group. At six-month follow-up, the restenosis rate was 22 % in the statin group and 30% in non-statin group and repeat revascularization was performed in 20 % in statin group and 27 % in non-statin group (p=0.032, 0.038, respectively). At 6-month follow-up, the remodeling index was significantly higher in the statin group than that in the non-statin group (1.05짹0.35 vs. 0.93짹0.27, p=0.025) and the NIH cross-scetional area (CSA) at the minimal lumen CSA was smaller in the statin group (2.1짹1.4mm2 vs. 2.8짹1.8mm2, p=0.032) and the lumen CSA was larger in the statin group (5.6짹1.6 mm2 vs. 4.7짹1.5 mm2, p=0.034). Conclusion: Statin therapy may induce positive remodeling of vascular segments containing atherosclerotic plaques and reduce NIH and restenosis rate after stent implantation in patients with elevated preprocedural hs-CRP levels.